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The Peoples Guide to Mexico: Real Estate in Ajijic and Lake Chapala, Mexico People's Guide Homepage • Copper Canyon • Live & Retire • Carl's Notebooks • Letters • Favorite Books • Visit our Sponsors • Table of Contents • The Best of Mexico: Favorite Places Live & Retire in Mexico Lake Chapala area Buying Property in the Lake Chapala Area by Tony Harries & Teresa A. Kendrick In the last decade or so, it is estimated that more than 10,000 foreigners have purchased property on the Northshore of Lake Chapala. Long prized as a weekend retreat by wealthy Guadalajarans, the villages from Lake Chapala to Jocotepec now boast an expatriate community said to be the largest in the world. Ajijic has become the prime location for foreigners because of its infrastructure of services, such as internet access, and the existence of the Lake Chapala Society, an English-speaking resource center for newcomers and residents. The Real Estate Climate on the Northshore At present, the Northshore has 20 real estate agencies. Their level of competency and expertise vary. In Mexico, the real estate industry is not regulated by the government. It is self-regulated. Two associations are responsible for training agents and policing the ethics of the agencies: AMPI (Asociacion Mexicana de Profesionales Inmobiliarios) is the national organization (with a lakeside chapter) and Gil (Grupo Inmobiliario del Lago) is the local organization. Many offices belong to one or the other, and some belong to both. They provide multiple-listing services that allow agents to show properties listed by other agencies, an advantage for both buyer and seller. The most professional agencies also provide their own in-house training for new agents. Several agencies have websites that will allow you to get a feel for the company, the houses that are available and the prices of property and land. The websites allow you to interact with the agency via email, and, if the site is good, will offer background information and answers to frequently asked questions. It can also provide you with the name of an agent. Choosing an Agent Good agents tend to work for well-run organizations. When walking into the office for the first time, take a look around. Does it look professionally managed? Are key personnel bilingual? Are listings photographed, detailed and organized so you can spend time reviewing available properties and evaluating how much your money will buy? Talk with several agents to find one you feel is knowledgeable, experienced, available, compatible, and upfront. Professional, reliable agents provide service before, during, and after a sale. If a problem or error arise, your agent should work hard to correct it. After your initial meeting, ask around about the reputations of various agencies and agents, but be aware that while gathering information, it is very likely you will also gather misinformation. One person can easily contradict another; this is human nature and common in a small communities. Being a Good Client/Firing an Agent Agent- and agency-hopping is an ethical no-no, but after viewing several properties reevaluate your agent. If you feel that the agent is not listening to you, tell him or her; they will appreciate you restating your requirements. Often clients are confused about what they want, or unrealistic about what their money can buy. Be clear about what you want. Buying a house is an emotional process, so be prepared to experience some unusual feelings and reactions and understand that an agent has the dual job of steering you through the process of buying property in another country and your own learning curve. If you are unable to work with your agent, graciously fire that agent and find another. You might use a simple, “Thank you for your time and efforts. We feel we wish to expand our search and thought we might consult with another agency. If we feel you can be of further service, we will get back to you.” Remember, the agent you are releasing is a member of the community in which you will live and diplomacy will save some feelings down the line. How to be a good Client If your first visit to the area is an exploratory excursion, tell your agent. He or she will guide you as you gather preliminary information. If you are not in a position to buy at the time, limit the time you spend with the agent as he or she has other clients to serve. If you have funds available to buy property, the agent will intensify the search for a suitable property and guide you through the process. Be clear about how much you can spend and when you plan to resettle. Remember agents often work for months without reimbursement for their out of pocket expenses. The Nitty Gritty At this time, prices for houses on the Northshore run anywhere from $22,000 US to 1.35 million US. The average home with the amenities sought by North American buyers are in the $100,000 US range. Location, as everywhere, is one of the most determining factors for setting the price. The further out from services you go, the lower prices will be. View, construction type, size and amenities determine the rest. Clients can choose from gated communities which offer security (a plus for residents who spend 6 months in Mexico and 6 months elsewhere), large country estates, and village living. Village homes are connected to one another by common exterior, and, occasionally, interior walls and allow residents to live within walking distance of most services and activities. Do not let any agent sell you ejido land. No matter what future promises anyone may make, you will not get a legal title. This is land set aside by the government for the indigenous people of Mexico and cannot be sold to foreigners. Also, there are a few places on the Northshore known for their instability due to soft soil or geothermal faults, and some places have water supply problems. Informed, wise agents will steer you away from these trouble spots. The Buying Process Purchasing a home or lot on the Northshore is primarily a cash transaction, but occasionally short-term owner financing is available. When you make an offer to the seller you must present a check for 10% of the value of the house. A photocopy is made of this “earnest money” and the check itself is placed in the agency safe. Once negotiations are completed under the supervision of the respective buying and selling real estate agents, and both parties have signed a purchase agreement, the check is deposited into the escrow account of the selling agency. The check is later applied to the balance of the purchase price at the notary public’s office. (Note: The actual sale price of a property is not a matter of public record in Mexico, nor is it registered with the government. It is unethical for an agent to tell you the sale price of a property. He or she can tell you what the property was listed for, but not what was paid.) The Closing Closings take place in the office of a Notario Publico, or notary public. These are lawyers of very high standing who, after 5 years of legal practice, apply to the government for notario status and must undergo strict scrutiny to be awarded the title. With it comes many responsibilities and important legal functions. One of these is to preside over and ensure the legality of property transfer. The notary authenticates the seller’s right to sell the property, scrutinizes the history of the property for any irregularities, and makes sure the deed is clear and free of liens through appropriate government offices. Since the buyer pays for the closing costs and notary’s fees, it is his or her privilege to select the notary. The notary can advise the buyer which type of deed meets his needs: direct deed or bank trust deed. The notary will file with the Mexican government the application for the transfer of the deed from seller to buyer. His official signature on all documents finalizes the purchase and makes it a legal transaction under Mexican law. From purchasing to closing the norm is 30 to 60 days, but motivated parties can complete the process within 15 days. Differences in Home Construction There is no slab-frame construction in this part of Mexico. A home here is usually of concrete, glass, stone, brick, iron and rebar construction. Wood is expensive and used little except for design affect. Each wall is load-bearing and has its own foundation. Many houses have exterior walls and decorative metal work to ensure privacy and security. There are "aljibes" (cisterns) for water storage and in some of the newer homes, water purification and pressure systems are built-in. You will also find tanks for storing propane used for cooking and heating water as there is no infrastructure to supply natural gas. You will notice a lack of central heating and air conditioning, as it’s not essential. A fireplace on a cool evening or morning is charming and does the trick. There are no building codes so a good agent will provide you with information about levels of construction quality and what might be buried within the walls. Developers The north shore of Lake Chapala has recently seen a rise in new, speculative construction meant to appeal to buyers from the North. Much of this work is being done by young, Mexican architects from monied Guadalajara families with varying degrees of experience and dependability. There are also projects being developed by American, Canadian and European companies. Remodeling Many buyers purchase a home with the intent of upgrading and remodeling the existing structure. Craftsmen, laborers, architects and artisans abound in the area. If you are in the market for such services, perhaps your agent can help direct you to a general contractor who has a good reputation. Be sure to get a signed, witnessed contract stipulating prices and the quality of work and materials to be used. If language is a problem, get a translator to help you. Several translators are listed in the Lake Chapala Society directory, a members-only book that can be loaned to you by your agent. If, during the remodeling, you feel you have been financially abused, the government has an agency with an office in Chapala called PROFECO which helps consumers receive satisfaction. The pace of work is probably not what you are used to, but in Mexico, patience is required as distribution of materials, cultural standards, and community -- and family-based events interrupt building schedules. Real Estate Agencies/Developers/Internet Websites In Ajijic: Abode Realty: Adj Corporation Ajijic Developments: http://www.ajijicdevs.com Ajijic Real Estate, http://www.ajijic.com ; email: ajijic@infosel.net.mx Ambience Fine Home Builders: http://www.ambiance.com.mx America Mexico Builders Camille’s Realty/Coldwell Banker Chapala Realty: http://www.chapala.com Continental Realty Chula Vista Norte Eager & Asociados: http://www.mexconnect.com/MEX/ea/ea.html Laguna Real Estate: http://www.mexconnect.com/amex/lgna/ Marnher Group RE/Max Ajijic: http://www.desconresorts.com In Chapala: Coldwell Banker/Chapala Realty (Chapala Office), http://www.chapala.com Sierra Vista: In Chula Vista: Century 21 Vistas: http://www.lagunanet.net.mx/c21vistas In Jocotepec: Semprex Realty In Riberas del Pilar: Sunset Realty: http://www.sunsetrealty.com.mx In San Antonio Tlayacapán: Re/Max Fenix About the authors: Tony Harries is a real estate agent who has been working in the Lake Chapala area since June 1997. He is an award-winning school teacher from Texas who retired after 31 years of service. Proficient in Spanish, he has developed a deep appreciation of Mexico following several decades of travel in Mexico before his retirement. He has helped clients from all over the world buy property in the area and this year became a top producing agent for one of the area’s leading agencies. His email is tonyharr@prodigy.net.mx Teresa Kendrick is the author of the recently published book “Mexico’s lake Chapala and Ajijic: The Insiders Guide to the Northshore for International Travelers” Highly detailed and up-to-date, the 208 page book boasts 143 color photographs, a well-organized table of contents and index, and information about nearly everything available on the Northshore of Lake Chapala for travelers and newcomers. The book is available with a full-color map of the Northshore for $26 US plus shipping and handling. The book will be available to purchase locally by calling 76-6-3163 or by ordering from her website: http://www.chapalaguide.com Teresa's email is ajijic@chapalaguide.com . Top of Page Homepage Table of Contents Site Map Write to us, Carl & Lorena http://www.peoplesguide.com ©1972-2001 by Carl Franz & Lorena Havens Copper Canyon • Live & Retire • Table of Contents • Book Reviews • Letters

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Mortgage Research Center : Loan and Mortgage Info Contact | Mortgage Rates | Mortgage Calculators Mortgages Refinancing Debt Consolidation Mortgage Resources Loans FHA Loan VA Loan What Type Of Loan Are You Looking For? Please Select.... VA Home Loan Home Loan VA Home Refinance Home Refinance FHA Home Loan What Is The Approximate Value Of Your Property? Welcome To The Mortgage Research Center! This site is designed to help educate you about mortgages, refinancing, debt consolidation, and various type of loans. You will be provided with comprehensive information on every aspect of the mortgage process. We will give you tips on when to refinance, what costs should be included in the closing fees when completing your mortgage, and calculators to help you determine how much you can spend and save! This is your first step in helping you achieve your financial security, so good luck! Register for the Home Buying Seminar Mortgage Refinance Find out how much you can save, when you should refinance, what type of refinancing is best for you, and other information. More Information Home Mortgage Are you buying a home? We provide you with resources to help you get all of the information you need when applying for a mortgage. More Information Debt Consolidation Determine how you can get out of debt by saving hundred's of dollars per month by combining your various payments (for credit cards, etc.). More Information Loans Looking to purchase a home with a special government loan? You may qualify for a FHA loan or VA loan. More Information Mortgage Sources We provide you with a list of reputable mortgage companies, mortgage brokers, and lenders to find one that best suits your financial needs. More Information Current Mortgage Rates Get current information on today's mortgage rates and get tips on when to lock in to a great interest rate. More Information Mortgage Calculators A variety of calculators will help you figure payments, total costs of loans, and display amortization tables and other options. More Information If you have questions or would like help with your mortgage, you can call us at 800-930-9201 . "Nathan, I wanted you to know that everything went very well at our closing. It was quite pleasant. Thank you for everything." -Vicki Ficklen Mcdonough, GA More Testimonials Equal Opportunity Lender License Information We can help you find the lender (mortgage bank) that can get you the best deal for your financial situation (including setting you up with the best financing rates and loan term). MRC does not originate loans in MA, NJ, NY, ND, PA, VT, NV, WV, or DC. If you are getting a mortgage in one of these states, we will help you by directing your information to a lender in your state. Get additional information about a VA Loan , Home Loan , or 1031 Exchange : Privacy Policy .

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Bulgarian Properties Expert - Buying Property Abroad Home Buying Property Abroad Home Bulgaria Property Market Property News Investments Buying Property Abroad Top Ten Tips Why Overseas Property Purchase Process Possible difficulties Bulgarian Home Search About us News Feeds Forum Contacts Property Listings Property Hotspots Useful Links Warsaw Hotels, Hotel Accommodation in Warsaw Poland Hotel Apartments in Warsaw Poland, Warsaw apartments in Poland Offshore banking, bank accounts offshore Get an offshore banking and an offshore account, offshore company and offshore bank account Discount hotels in Brussels. Brussels Belgium accommodation Brussels Hotels and Apartments in Brussels. The largest choice of accommodation in Brussels A guide to accommodation in Budapest. Hotel accommodation in Budapest Budapest Hotels. Great last minute discounts Madrid lodging directory. Madrid hotels Madrid Hotels. Great last minute discounts Milan hotels by Europe-Cities.com. Hotel accommodation in Milan Hotels in Milan. Great last minute discounts Buying Property Abroad Buying property abroad? Buying property abroad has become increasingly popular with the British andNorthern Europeans for various reasons, mainly the warm climate, affordableprices and investment opportunities. With the poor returns on the stocks andshares market and uncertainty of pension fund's future, more and more ordinarypeople invest their hard earned cash into bricks and mortar by buying aproperty abroad. Retirement abroad Retirement abroad is no longer the prerogative of rich and famous. The dreamof owning a property overseas turns into reality for hundreds of thousands ofBritish people every year. Increasing number of pre-retirement age and themiddle aged are buying overseas property (villa or apartment) in the hope touse it as a permanent or semi-permanent home in their forthcoming retirement. What lures Britons to leave their homes in UK and look for the best place tolive is not just a warm climate. Lower cost of living is also taken intoconsideration by people looking for a better quality of life, to what their UK pension canprovide. Property in Bulgariais becoming increasingly popular choice for retirement abroad for the abovereasons. A place in the sun - Buy Holiday Homes Abroad More and more couples consider choosing to buy a second property abroad anduse it as a holiday home in summer and winter. Apartments in Spain havealways been Britons favourite place in the sun to take holidays or shortbreaks. With the costs of travel dramatically falling, it is becoming cheaperand certainly more exciting to go abroad. A lot of ordinary people realise that buying overseas property can not onlybecome an ideal holiday home, but also provide a steady rental income.Think where you go to take a short winter break or spend Christmas - the Banskoski resort (Bulgaria)!Now imagine owning an apartment in Bansko and be the lucky owner who also getsthe rental income! Property for sale in the emerging market of Bulgaria in the past few years hasbecome a big attraction for investors and holiday home owners as they providean affordable opportunity to own a place in the sun. Property abroad - Alternatives to Pensions Buying property abroad and home has proven to be an excellent investmentover the long term. Although it should never be overlooked that buying overseasproperty does not guarantee the increasing price in the short term, it iscertainly a winner in a long run. An underlying asset of the investment cannotbe wiped out as easily as the value of the stocks and shares, thus is lessrisky than other more traditional forms of investments. It is a known fact that borrowing against your existing property issignificantly cheaper, which makes it possible to create a portfolio ofproperties and benefit from the tax breaks that stocks and shares cannot offer. More and more ordinary people realise the benefits of buying overseasproperty rather than shares and include Bulgarian property into their portfolioof investments. More sophisticated and informed investors diversify their riskand maximise their returns by investing in emerging property market of Bulgaria. The proposal regarding the possibility of including overseas property inyour pension fund is a possibility in the future, so watch this space andreview your pension portfolio with a financial advisor in the next few years asbig changes are on the way! Spread you risks, create a balanced portfolio of real estate investments! Bulgarian property market Bulgarian property market (Black Seaside in particular) has been the firstcoastal resort areas, where British people discovered Bulgaria. This propertymarket was pioneers in attracting foreigners to buy property here. With growing demand for properties in the above area, lack of planningpermission regulations, some parts of these beautiful coasts have beenoverbuilt. But there is a big advantage of the Bulgarian Black Sea areas - theestablished infrastructure that makes this place ideal for retirement abroad orholiday homes. By trial and error the property markets in up and coming areas of Bulgariaare offering much more - good value for money, facilities, infrastructurethat was frequently overlooked at the infant stages of the Bulgarianproperty market development. Black Sea and mountainresorts are the future of Bulgarian property market. Large numbers of wealthy Northern Europeans are buying a property in Bulgaria, incoastal resorts in particular and this trend will only increase as the Europeanbaby boomers retire. This will ensure the growth in demand for many decades tocome, driving the prices upwards! UKagents and property consultants With the overwhelming supply of new developments coming in different partsof the world, growing number of the property exhibitions and UK propertyagents, as well as press and media coverage of different hot propertydestinations, it is easy to overlook your own objectives and jump on the bandwagon. And… Do it sooner than later as the prices are increasing! Bulgarian Properties Highlights Purchase of Bulgarian property become easier for foreigners Foreigners will be able to purchase real estate properties without special licenses from the government. Members of the Parliament Economic Commission voted down on second reading, the text of the Investments Encouragement Law, according to which the foreigners had to ask the cabinet for such a license. Irrelevant became also the requirement for special license from the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Internal Affairs for purchasing real estate properties in the interior areas of the country, close to the national security objects. The grounds for this vote are that such restrictions do not correspond to the law, whose purpose is to encourage the investments. The law is to be adopted by the parliament on second reading. In the beginning of March 2004, at the conference of the Bulgarian Industrial Business Association (BIBA), the American Trade Chamber and the Bulgarian-German Chamber was requested these restrictions to be dropped off. At the moment the Real Estate Agencies face difficulties in interpreting the Foreign Investments Law and the regulations for applying the Law of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, since there are many unclear points concerning the property or land acquisition in urbanized territories at the border area, in connection to the national security. Due to the same reason, the Notary Publics faced difficulties to perform the sale formalities of land along the Black Sea coast, which according to the real estate agents is an obstacle for the realties market. Companies in this trade sphere explain that the foreign investors used to buy properties and land via figureheads, but in the long run this practice is not serious and may lead to exodus from the most perspective construction regions in Bulgaria. The main problem for them is due to the ambiguity in the interpretation of the term “border area”. The lawyers regard the term as applied only for the land and river borders, since according to the Sea Area Law, the sea coast is not considered a state border. As by the Foreign Investments Law enacted, a juridical person on the territory of Bulgaria can acquire property and restricted law of estate over realties. © 2005 Sagabg.net. All rights reserved.

Real Estate Prices Still

Agricultural Economist Newsletter: Winter 2001--Farm Real Estate Prices Still Rising in Minnesota Farm Real Estate Prices Still Rising in Minnesota Steven J. Taff Average Minnesota farm real estate sales prices just keep on climbing (figure 1). This despite low output prices, rising input costs, and continued uncertainty about the future of federal subsidies. Sales price increases were seen in all parts of the state except in the northwest. In this annual sales price summary, I can provide only an overview, some cursory analysis, and--as always--a few opinions. I'll not bore you with text that simply repeats what's already shown in the charts. Instead I'll spend some time discussing how land transaction data are recorded, adjusted, and employed. I think it's useful to go through some administrative and procedural details to further our understanding of what these data are and what they are not. If this prospect makes you say, "Just show me the data, Steve," then you can stop right after the sales summary section. Or, if your impatience knows no bounds, go straight to the Minnesota Land Economics (MLE) Web site at http://apec.umn.edu/faculty/sjtaff/landdata/index.html and start working the numbers yourself. Farm Land Sales in 2000 Assessors are required to report initial assessments in late fall, based on sales data to date. That's why the data are reported on a "record year" basis: these are the sales that were, presumably, available for assessor scrutiny at the time the initial estimated market-values are calculated. Final values are set by summer, to be used in the succeeding tax year. So, for example, sales made in late 1999 are used by assessors to set initial values for January 2001. These estimates are adjusted in spring 2001, finalized in summer 2001, and then used for tax purposes in 2002. The adjusted record year 2000 sales data were therefore not available until April of this year. Figure 2 shows the distribution of all farmland sales in 2000. The bulk of the sales lie between $500 and $2,000 per acre. I excluded a small number of sales that exceeded $5,000 per acre as well as those involving parcels of land less than 20 acres in size. Both were excluded as not being plausibly "agricultural"--despite their designation on the Certificate of Real Estate Value (CRV) as "agricultural" land. (Although excluded from figure 2, these data are included in the MLE Web site data.) Even though MAE readers and MLE Web site users can view the full distribution of sales prices, most still ask for a single number that somehow captures the story behind the figures. Obviously, for a set of sales that span such a wide range in prices, any single number fails completely to accomplish this end. Movements in averages, while arithmetically correct, usually fail to tell the entire story. The particular average I use in this article is a location- and size-weighted mean (table 1). In last year's farm real estate report ( agecon.lib.umn.edu/mn/mae699.pdf ), I discussed the usefulness of such weighting as well as the desirability of examining sales data at the smallest geographic scale possible. Table 1. Minnesota farm real estate sales summary Record year Number of sales Acres sold Average price* 1996 2,504 263,728 936 1997 2,641 296,803 1,039 1998 2,724 303,968 1,113 1999 2,212 235,359 1,196 2000 2,258 250,979 1,222 * Location- and size-weighted per-acre mean Figure 1 compares the movements of actual sales price averages with those two other estimates of land value--the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) annual state estimates (based on a farmer opinion survey) and the average assessor estimates (the location- and size-weighted mean estimated market value). The University of Minnesota sales prices averages are location- and size-weighted means. The fact that all three (somewhat) independent estimates of farmland real estate values shown in figure 1 move in lockstep adds credence, I believe, to the conclusion that, on average, farmland values really are increasing in Minnesota. Geographic variations in real estate values for the past 11 years are shown in the box-and-whisker plots of figure 3. (District boundaries are shown in figure 4.) The range of sales prices for each district for each year is shown by the endpoints of the vertical lines. The ends of each box show the prices at which 25 percent of the sales were higher (or lower). The median is indicated by the horizontal bar within each box. So, for example, the median Central district farmland sale was about $1,200 per acre, with 25 percent of the sales lower than $750 and 75 percent lower than $1,850 per acre. In previous years' reports, I've noted the wide variation in average price movements among districts. Such differences were accentuated in 2000 by the continued climb of values in the South East district combined with the continued stagnation in the North West district (figure 5) . Farm Sale Data When a Minnesota property is sold, the transaction details must be recorded at the county courthouse on a form called a CRV. On it, the seller attests that such-and-such a property was sold to so-and-so on a certain date for a specific price. Other information about the property (its size, soil characteristics, prior year's estimated market value) is often entered on the CRV as well. Frequently, the per-acre prices that underlie this article and are also shown in the MLE Web site are not the prices entered on the CRV. Long before a land sales figure enters the official data base, it has been passed through an array of filters and adjustments designed to make comparison among transactions more meaningful and more reliable. Recording the Transactions There are many possible slips between an ownership change and data analysis. Of course, there is always the chance that simple recording errors are made. For example, numbers may be miscopied from bills of sale onto the CRV, or into a computer file, or into a spreadsheet. There is also a chance of misrepresentation. The person who fills in the CRV might have a reason to understate or overstate the actual sales price--perhaps to avoid a tax. This, of course, is illegal, but, as any courthouse veteran can tell you, it occasionally happens. Not every sale receives further processing. Local or state officials remove from subsequent analysis any sale not deemed "arms-length," because it was sold, for example, to a member of the seller's immediate family. Or, a sale might be pulled because the new buyer intends to convert the land to a non-agricultural use. Adjusting the Prices After this filtering, sales prices are frequently adjusted to make comparison among sales more appropriate. First, to expunge the effects of inflation, sales prices are deflated by an officially reported rate to January 2 of the year in which they were recorded. This "adjustment for time" is fairly minor in years (like the past decade) where inflation has been low. The second adjustment is "for terms." Not all farm real estate sales are for the full property. Some are made through a contract for deed, an arrangement that allows the buyer to pay a certain amount now and other amounts at stated intervals. Until the final payment is made, the property remains in the possession of the seller--even though it has been "sold." Because the full payment schedule is entered on the CRV, the Department of Revenue can calculate a present value of the initial and subsequent payments at an official discount rate. This becomes the official sales price of the property, regardless of what the buyer and seller had in mind when they sealed the deal. Adjustments don't end with a time- and terms-adjusted sales price, honestly reported and accurately recorded. In most cases, users of the data are interested in per-acre prices, not per-parcel prices. That means some chosen total price must be divided by some total acreage. But which price? Which acres? Should we use the total price or should we first subtract out the value of buildings, personal property, ancillary property, or machinery to get closer to the "true" land price? In this article (and on the MLE Web site), I choose to follow conventions established years ago in Minnesota. I report the time- and terms-adjusted total sales price, minus the value of personal property, divided by the entire acreage of the parcel. That's why, when I'm being careful, I speak of the average price of farm real estate, not of farm land . Employing the Data The sales reported here are only those recorded between October 1, 1999, and September 30, 2000. These "record year 2000" sales are so bundled because of the way real estate transactions are used to help local assessors value land for property tax purposes. Strange as it may seem, the Department of Revenue does not collect sales data merely to satisfy the data cravings of University economists like me. No, statewide sales data are collected principally to create statistics that are used to "equalize" property tax valuations across county boundaries. Each year, county assessors are required to assign an estimated market value (EMV) to each of the thousands of real estate parcels in the county. The estimate is supposed to be based on an examination of similar properties that were actually sold recently. (The combined valuations for each township, city, or county are the source of the Land Values--in contrast to the Farmland Sales--data on the MLE Web site.) Because every county has its own assessor who uses largely independent valuation procedures, there are inevitably discontinuities across county lines--even for adjacent properties. Farmer Brown wonders why Farmer Olson's land, just across the fence line in the next county, carries an assessed value that is lower by $200 per acre. The state has created an equalization procedure that is supposed to smooth over such discontinuities. Assuming that nearby properties really would sell for similar prices, any observed difference in assessed values for otherwise similar properties is presumed to be evidence that one or both of the assessors is either undervaluing (that is, assigning an EMV that is too low) or overvaluing properties. To test this, the state calculates a sales ratio (the EMV divided by sales price) for every property sold in a particular area. If an assessor systematically undervalues properties (shown by sales ratios that are consistently lower than some threshold), the state might demand the EMVs in that jurisdiction be uniformly raised, to better accord with what is thought to be "true" market conditions. How Accurate Are the EMVs? We can see for ourselves how close the final assessor estimates are by comparing actual sales prices against the previous year's estimated market values for the same property (figure 2). Each point in the figure represents one sale. For example, the rightmost point is for a property that was estimated to have a value of $4,900 per acre, but actually sold for only $2,900 per acre. While some of the estimates are obviously way off (like this example), the bulk are pretty close. In most cases, the EMV was lower than the sale price, but in a neatly predictable manner. A simple one-variable regression model, shown as the straight line in the figure, accounts for nearly 75 percent of the observed variation in farm real estate sales prices. Parting Thoughts What accounts for the ever-onward-and-upward movement of average farm real estate prices in Minnesota? We need only to round up the usual suspects, most of which I have discussed at length in previous issues of MAE . These include 1) perennial farmer optimism about future crop and livestock prices, 2) expected extensions of federal farm subsidy programs, 3) continued favorable local property tax treatment for farmland, 4) the desire of some farmers to increase the size of their current operation by buying adjacent farmland, 5) the desire of some non-farm buyers to use land as a hedge against inflation, and 6) inflation itself. An additional suspect that we need to add is the increasing prominence of location even in rural land markets. We simply can't explain current price levels on the basis of income potential (including subsidies) and speculation potential alone. Clearly, where the land sits with respect to job centers and what it looks like is influencing the price buyers are willing to pay for a particular parcel of land. As always, I caution potential land buyers and sellers about reading too much into the average land prices reported here and elsewhere. If you've got land to sell or if you have a hankering to buy land--look before you leap. The financial stakes are too high for casual empiricism. Hire an appraiser. Talk with your spouse. Check your finances. Think about the children. Be careful out there! Steven J. Taff is an associate professor and extension economist with the Department of Applied Economics at the University of Minnesota. Return to Minnesota Ag Economist Newsletter Index Page University of Minnesota Extension Service HomePage

Land For Sale

Land and lots for sale in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico HOME ADVERTISE CONTACT ESPAOL san miguel de allende lodging schools real estate - agencies - houses for sale - vacation rentals - land and lots for sale - commercial listings - rental agents services restaurants tourist guide shopping Real Estate in San Miguel de Allende Real Estate Agencies | Houses For Sale Vacation Rentals | Land and Lots For Sale Commercial Listings | Rental Agents | Businesses For Sale 5000 sq. meters (1.2 acres) for sale. Build the Shangri-La of your dreams in this optimum location, just 15 minutes to San Miguel. Surrounded by trees and located just paces away from the "La Cieneguita" church, hot springs, and other houses, this tranquil country setting has direct road access, electricity, and water. $20 USD per sqr. meter (click on images to enlarge ) for more information contact: Edward Test or Luz Camarena email: luzcamarena@hotmail.com tel: + 52 (415) 152-6926 BEAUTIFUL LOTS FOR SALE NEXT TO "BOTANICAL GARDENS" Great views, and gorgeous sunsets, overlooking San Miguel and the mountains of Guanajuato. Large sized lots, in keeping with the location, just a stones throw from the "Botanical Garden". Tranquil setting, "close to town" The "Botanical Gardens is one of the enduring attractions of San Miguel. A home here will only improve with time! (click on images to enlarge ) Contact: email: hogargt@yahoo.com Telephone in San Miguel: +52 415 152 5546 San Miguel de Allende, GTO Mexico Recommended Books from Amazon.com How to Buy Real Estate in Mexico How to Do Businesses in Mexico Live Well in Mexico Search: All Products Books Popular Music Classical Music Video DVD Keywords: © 2000 - 2005 internetsanmiguel.com - san miguel de allende, gto. This site has had visitors since May 1st 2000