Real Estate Prices Still

Agricultural Economist Newsletter: Winter 2001--Farm Real Estate Prices Still Rising in Minnesota Farm Real Estate Prices Still Rising in Minnesota Steven J. Taff Average Minnesota farm real estate sales prices just keep on climbing (figure 1). This despite low output prices, rising input costs, and continued uncertainty about the future of federal subsidies. Sales price increases were seen in all parts of the state except in the northwest. In this annual sales price summary, I can provide only an overview, some cursory analysis, and--as always--a few opinions. I'll not bore you with text that simply repeats what's already shown in the charts. Instead I'll spend some time discussing how land transaction data are recorded, adjusted, and employed. I think it's useful to go through some administrative and procedural details to further our understanding of what these data are and what they are not. If this prospect makes you say, "Just show me the data, Steve," then you can stop right after the sales summary section. Or, if your impatience knows no bounds, go straight to the Minnesota Land Economics (MLE) Web site at http://apec.umn.edu/faculty/sjtaff/landdata/index.html and start working the numbers yourself. Farm Land Sales in 2000 Assessors are required to report initial assessments in late fall, based on sales data to date. That's why the data are reported on a "record year" basis: these are the sales that were, presumably, available for assessor scrutiny at the time the initial estimated market-values are calculated. Final values are set by summer, to be used in the succeeding tax year. So, for example, sales made in late 1999 are used by assessors to set initial values for January 2001. These estimates are adjusted in spring 2001, finalized in summer 2001, and then used for tax purposes in 2002. The adjusted record year 2000 sales data were therefore not available until April of this year. Figure 2 shows the distribution of all farmland sales in 2000. The bulk of the sales lie between $500 and $2,000 per acre. I excluded a small number of sales that exceeded $5,000 per acre as well as those involving parcels of land less than 20 acres in size. Both were excluded as not being plausibly "agricultural"--despite their designation on the Certificate of Real Estate Value (CRV) as "agricultural" land. (Although excluded from figure 2, these data are included in the MLE Web site data.) Even though MAE readers and MLE Web site users can view the full distribution of sales prices, most still ask for a single number that somehow captures the story behind the figures. Obviously, for a set of sales that span such a wide range in prices, any single number fails completely to accomplish this end. Movements in averages, while arithmetically correct, usually fail to tell the entire story. The particular average I use in this article is a location- and size-weighted mean (table 1). In last year's farm real estate report ( agecon.lib.umn.edu/mn/mae699.pdf ), I discussed the usefulness of such weighting as well as the desirability of examining sales data at the smallest geographic scale possible. Table 1. Minnesota farm real estate sales summary Record year Number of sales Acres sold Average price* 1996 2,504 263,728 936 1997 2,641 296,803 1,039 1998 2,724 303,968 1,113 1999 2,212 235,359 1,196 2000 2,258 250,979 1,222 * Location- and size-weighted per-acre mean Figure 1 compares the movements of actual sales price averages with those two other estimates of land value--the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) annual state estimates (based on a farmer opinion survey) and the average assessor estimates (the location- and size-weighted mean estimated market value). The University of Minnesota sales prices averages are location- and size-weighted means. The fact that all three (somewhat) independent estimates of farmland real estate values shown in figure 1 move in lockstep adds credence, I believe, to the conclusion that, on average, farmland values really are increasing in Minnesota. Geographic variations in real estate values for the past 11 years are shown in the box-and-whisker plots of figure 3. (District boundaries are shown in figure 4.) The range of sales prices for each district for each year is shown by the endpoints of the vertical lines. The ends of each box show the prices at which 25 percent of the sales were higher (or lower). The median is indicated by the horizontal bar within each box. So, for example, the median Central district farmland sale was about $1,200 per acre, with 25 percent of the sales lower than $750 and 75 percent lower than $1,850 per acre. In previous years' reports, I've noted the wide variation in average price movements among districts. Such differences were accentuated in 2000 by the continued climb of values in the South East district combined with the continued stagnation in the North West district (figure 5) . Farm Sale Data When a Minnesota property is sold, the transaction details must be recorded at the county courthouse on a form called a CRV. On it, the seller attests that such-and-such a property was sold to so-and-so on a certain date for a specific price. Other information about the property (its size, soil characteristics, prior year's estimated market value) is often entered on the CRV as well. Frequently, the per-acre prices that underlie this article and are also shown in the MLE Web site are not the prices entered on the CRV. Long before a land sales figure enters the official data base, it has been passed through an array of filters and adjustments designed to make comparison among transactions more meaningful and more reliable. Recording the Transactions There are many possible slips between an ownership change and data analysis. Of course, there is always the chance that simple recording errors are made. For example, numbers may be miscopied from bills of sale onto the CRV, or into a computer file, or into a spreadsheet. There is also a chance of misrepresentation. The person who fills in the CRV might have a reason to understate or overstate the actual sales price--perhaps to avoid a tax. This, of course, is illegal, but, as any courthouse veteran can tell you, it occasionally happens. Not every sale receives further processing. Local or state officials remove from subsequent analysis any sale not deemed "arms-length," because it was sold, for example, to a member of the seller's immediate family. Or, a sale might be pulled because the new buyer intends to convert the land to a non-agricultural use. Adjusting the Prices After this filtering, sales prices are frequently adjusted to make comparison among sales more appropriate. First, to expunge the effects of inflation, sales prices are deflated by an officially reported rate to January 2 of the year in which they were recorded. This "adjustment for time" is fairly minor in years (like the past decade) where inflation has been low. The second adjustment is "for terms." Not all farm real estate sales are for the full property. Some are made through a contract for deed, an arrangement that allows the buyer to pay a certain amount now and other amounts at stated intervals. Until the final payment is made, the property remains in the possession of the seller--even though it has been "sold." Because the full payment schedule is entered on the CRV, the Department of Revenue can calculate a present value of the initial and subsequent payments at an official discount rate. This becomes the official sales price of the property, regardless of what the buyer and seller had in mind when they sealed the deal. Adjustments don't end with a time- and terms-adjusted sales price, honestly reported and accurately recorded. In most cases, users of the data are interested in per-acre prices, not per-parcel prices. That means some chosen total price must be divided by some total acreage. But which price? Which acres? Should we use the total price or should we first subtract out the value of buildings, personal property, ancillary property, or machinery to get closer to the "true" land price? In this article (and on the MLE Web site), I choose to follow conventions established years ago in Minnesota. I report the time- and terms-adjusted total sales price, minus the value of personal property, divided by the entire acreage of the parcel. That's why, when I'm being careful, I speak of the average price of farm real estate, not of farm land . Employing the Data The sales reported here are only those recorded between October 1, 1999, and September 30, 2000. These "record year 2000" sales are so bundled because of the way real estate transactions are used to help local assessors value land for property tax purposes. Strange as it may seem, the Department of Revenue does not collect sales data merely to satisfy the data cravings of University economists like me. No, statewide sales data are collected principally to create statistics that are used to "equalize" property tax valuations across county boundaries. Each year, county assessors are required to assign an estimated market value (EMV) to each of the thousands of real estate parcels in the county. The estimate is supposed to be based on an examination of similar properties that were actually sold recently. (The combined valuations for each township, city, or county are the source of the Land Values--in contrast to the Farmland Sales--data on the MLE Web site.) Because every county has its own assessor who uses largely independent valuation procedures, there are inevitably discontinuities across county lines--even for adjacent properties. Farmer Brown wonders why Farmer Olson's land, just across the fence line in the next county, carries an assessed value that is lower by $200 per acre. The state has created an equalization procedure that is supposed to smooth over such discontinuities. Assuming that nearby properties really would sell for similar prices, any observed difference in assessed values for otherwise similar properties is presumed to be evidence that one or both of the assessors is either undervaluing (that is, assigning an EMV that is too low) or overvaluing properties. To test this, the state calculates a sales ratio (the EMV divided by sales price) for every property sold in a particular area. If an assessor systematically undervalues properties (shown by sales ratios that are consistently lower than some threshold), the state might demand the EMVs in that jurisdiction be uniformly raised, to better accord with what is thought to be "true" market conditions. How Accurate Are the EMVs? We can see for ourselves how close the final assessor estimates are by comparing actual sales prices against the previous year's estimated market values for the same property (figure 2). Each point in the figure represents one sale. For example, the rightmost point is for a property that was estimated to have a value of $4,900 per acre, but actually sold for only $2,900 per acre. While some of the estimates are obviously way off (like this example), the bulk are pretty close. In most cases, the EMV was lower than the sale price, but in a neatly predictable manner. A simple one-variable regression model, shown as the straight line in the figure, accounts for nearly 75 percent of the observed variation in farm real estate sales prices. Parting Thoughts What accounts for the ever-onward-and-upward movement of average farm real estate prices in Minnesota? We need only to round up the usual suspects, most of which I have discussed at length in previous issues of MAE . These include 1) perennial farmer optimism about future crop and livestock prices, 2) expected extensions of federal farm subsidy programs, 3) continued favorable local property tax treatment for farmland, 4) the desire of some farmers to increase the size of their current operation by buying adjacent farmland, 5) the desire of some non-farm buyers to use land as a hedge against inflation, and 6) inflation itself. An additional suspect that we need to add is the increasing prominence of location even in rural land markets. We simply can't explain current price levels on the basis of income potential (including subsidies) and speculation potential alone. Clearly, where the land sits with respect to job centers and what it looks like is influencing the price buyers are willing to pay for a particular parcel of land. As always, I caution potential land buyers and sellers about reading too much into the average land prices reported here and elsewhere. If you've got land to sell or if you have a hankering to buy land--look before you leap. The financial stakes are too high for casual empiricism. Hire an appraiser. Talk with your spouse. Check your finances. Think about the children. Be careful out there! Steven J. Taff is an associate professor and extension economist with the Department of Applied Economics at the University of Minnesota. Return to Minnesota Ag Economist Newsletter Index Page University of Minnesota Extension Service HomePage

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Home Loan and VA Home Loans from Mortgage Research Center Contact | Mortgage Rates | Mortgage Calculators Mortgages Refinancing Debt Consolidation Mortgage Resources Loans FHA Loan VA Loan What Type Of Loan Are You Looking For? Please Select.... VA Home Loan Home Loan VA Home Refinance Home Refinance FHA Home Loan What Is The Approximate Value Of Your Property? Home Loan and VA Loan Information Are you looking to get prequalified for a home loan? Nearly all Americans dream of owning their own home. Once you have decided to buy a home, it is important to analyze all of your loan options. One of our mortgage specialists can explain all of your options, and help you determine which loan is the best in helping you meet your financial goals. They can explain the FHA loan, the VA Loan , and also look at conventional loans. Our mortgage specialists pride themselves not only on being the most knowledgeable in the business, but also in gaining access to the best loan rates in the country. You may call 800-930-9201 to speak with a mortgage specialist. Get a free prequalification for a home purchase Apply for a refinance or debt consolidation Get Advice from a Mortgage Specialist VA Home Loan Information There are millions of Americans that qualify for a VA Home loan. However, many people are not aware that they qualify for these Veteran Benefits. If you have been on active duty for at least 90 days, then you may qualify. Get more information on VA Loans or call 800-930-9201 . Loans Your Home Loan (mortgage) will be the biggest purchase you make in your lifetime. So make sure you do your research and find the best loan rates to help you get the best return on your investment. Another great option is a VA Refinance when you are considering refinancing your home! VA Loans will not only be able to help save you money, but they will also make it easier for you to qualify for a loan. You may contact a mortgage broker for help with this. They are generally set up with hundreds of lenders and can quickly find you the best VA Mortgage Rates . Get additional information for free: Click Here to get Prequalified for a Home Purchase Click Here to apply for a refinance or debt consolidation Click Here to get advice from a Mortgage Specialist Do you need FHA Loan information or would you like to find out about the new VA Adjustable Rate Mortgage ? Getting information regarding these loans could be a great step to helping you own a home, which will help your financial security. The Dept of Veterans Affairs has recently raised the VA Loan limit. Speak to a VA specialist to get more information and find out if the new VA loan limits can help you or you may visit the va.gov site. You may call 800-930-9201 to get additional advice about what factors you should consider when deciding whether or not to apply for a VA Home Loan. If you have questions or would like help with your mortgage, you can call us at 800-930-9201 . "Nathan, I wanted you to know that everything went very well at our closing. It was quite pleasant. Thank you for everything." -Vicki Ficklen Mcdonough, GA More Testimonials Equal Opportunity Lender License Information We can help you find the lender (mortgage bank) that can get you the best deal for your financial situation (including setting you up with the best financing rates and loan term). MRC does not originate loans in MA, NJ, NY, ND, PA, VT, NV, WV, or DC. If you are getting a mortgage in one of these states, we will help you by directing your information to a lender in your state. Get additional information about a VA Loan , Home Loan , or 1031 Exchange : Privacy Policy .

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PROPERTY IN SPAIN Property in Spain Property in Spain . Section for people wanting to buy, sell or rent property in Spain. Buying property in Spain Property market in Spain - News Buying a house in Spain - tips Buying a house in Spain - faqs Buying a house in Spain: taxes Mortgages in Spain Mortgages for non-residents Buying land in Spain Spanish banks Investing in property in Spain Renting accommodation in Spain Revaluation of property in Spain House prices in Spain per region Reasons for living in Spain Helpdesk Property for sale Property for rent Restaurants in Spain Hotels in Spain Shopping in Spain Travel in Spain Spanish culture Spanish recipes Beautiful places in Spain Healthcare in Spain News from Spain Fiestas in Spain Photos of Spain Spanish wines Spanish classical music Blogs about living in Spain Eigentum Spanien Le Marché inmobilier en Espagne Vivienda en España Thinking of buying a house in Spain ? The Spanish property market is a thriving, but complex, sector and more and more non-residents are taking advantage of low interest rates in Spain and reasonable house prices. However, it is very very important to consider all the possible pitfalls involved in purchasing property in Spain. This section is designed to help you to do so. There are many reasons to live in Spain , and lots of benefits to be got out of making a wise property purchase here. But, as is the case in any big, profitable sector, there are also alot of sharks swimming around in the real-estate sea, dying to get their jaws around that sales commission. So be very very careful , make sure you read as much as you can about how to protect your rights and your investment before taking the plunge. Learn the basics before you start looking. See our Spanish-English real estate glossary with full definitions of the most important concepts you'll need to know about the Spanish property market. And visit the sections listed below with useful information about the different aspects of buying property in Spain. Latest news on the property market in Spain - selection of news articles related to the real estate market here. Buying property in Spain - our new blog created to answer your questions and inform Mortgages in Spain - a brief introduction to the Spanish mortgage market, how it works and interest rates in Spain Mortgages for non-residents in Spain - details on how to apply for a mortage with a Spanish bank. Spanish banks - before applying for a mortgage, find out more about Spain's most popular banks and Spanish savings banks . Buying a house in Spain - advice to bear in mind if you are thinking of buying a Spanish property in FAQs format. See also tips . Buying land in Spain - special advice for people considering the option of buying land and building their own house. Property taxes in Spain - description of taxes involved in purchasing property and yearly property taxes in Spain . Useful Spanish vocab for buying a house - you should learn at least the basic terms. Check out our pronunciation guide too. Investing in property in Spain - a brief overview and latest figures on the revaluation of property in Spain . Renting property in Spain - if you want to buy to rent, then read this section and our free notice board of property to rent in Spain . Spanish lawyers - information on lawyers fees in Spain for property transactions Helpdesk - if you can't find the answer to what you are looking for, drop us a line and we'll try and help Houses for sale in Spain - take a look at the kind of houses available. Or check out our free Spain property for sale board. Property in Spain. © 2000 Euroresidentes. ItyIs Siglo XXI, Spain. About Euroresidentes

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Colorado Real Estate Listings  You are here: About > Home & Garden > Home Buying / Selling > Real Estate For Sale > Real Estate Agent Web Sites > States A-C, Find an Agent > Colorado Home & Garden Home Buying / Selling Essentials 10 Things Home Buyers Shouldn't Do Best Tips for First Time Home Buyers "Must-Do" Tasks Before You Sell How to Buy a Home, Step by Step For Sale by Owner Advice Articles & Resources How To Buy a Home How To Sell a House Celebrity & Historic Credit Reports & Scores Design & Remodel Home Maintenance Inspections & Appraisals Investing & Foreclosures Modular & Manufactured Mold, Radon, Lead, etc. Mortgage Advice Moving & Relocation Real Estate Careers Real Estate For Sale Vacation Homes Buyer's Guide Before You Buy Top Picks Home Buying Books Foreclosure Books Mortgage Books Product Reviews Forums Help FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Home Buying / Selling newsletter! See Online Courses   Search Home Buying / Selling Colorado Real Estate Listings This guide to Colorado real estate agents will help you locate real estate listings in that state. Properties for sale throughout Colorado. Articles & Resources Sort By : Guide Picks | Alphabetical | Recent Up a category Alamosa - Thelma Turney Century 21 Valley Realty. Breckenridge - Susan Gunnin RE/MAX Properties of the Summit. Colorado Springs - Paul Cornuke RE/MAX Properties, Inc. Denver - Alan Cramer Priority One Real Estate. Denver - Gary & Cindy Belhumeur Frontier Real Estate 4 more Articles & Resources below Articles & Resources more from your guide Denver - Dave Babb Mercury Realty, Inc. Denver - The Brokerage House The Brokerage House. North Glenn - Michael Barela Metro Brokers, Barela and Associates. Trinidad - Charlie Barks & Barbara Sandgren Adobe Gold Properties.        Topic Index | Email to a Friend Our Story | Be a Guide | Advertising Info | Work at About | Site Map | Icons | Help User Agreement | Ethics Policy | Patent Info. | Privacy Policy | Kids' Privacy Policy ©2005 About, Inc., A part of the New York Times Company . All rights reserved. Around About Oprah's Life Vacation Ideas Shop Safely Online VIDEO: Craft Rooms VIDEO: Christmas Traditions What's Hot Coping with Unethical People How To Buy Land Real Estate Appraisal Before You Buy a Log Home Package Home Buying / Selling - GuideReviews Headlines Getting Ready to Sell Your House Guests and lots of activities make it difficult to show... Before You Buy Gas Logs Gas logs are growing in popularity every year, so manufacturers... Pros and Cons of Becoming a Real Estate Agent You've decided you want to become a real estate agent,... Step-by-Step Directions Help You Measure Square Footage Each year, home owners discover that their new home's square...

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House prices - setting the value Geta Free Home Valuation Now Setting the Price on Your Home Along with location and condition, the pricing of a house is a major component of the reasonswhy a house will--or will not--sell quickly. Although the pricing should not be dealt with lightly, some sellershave a tendency to put too much emphasis on the price and not enough on the condition, ending up with a house thatis overpriced for its current condition and the overall market. Even if you find an unaware buyer that appearswilling to pay the high price, when the buyer applies for a mortgage, the chances are good that the lender's appraisalwill force the price back down to market value. It's important to get it right the first time Care and time should be taken when establishing the original listingprice for several reasons: 1) If the houseis overpriced, it won't sell. If it doesn't sell and sits on the market the listing quickly becomes stale. 2) If you overpricethe house with the intention of reducing the price later just to "see what the market will bear", whenthe price of the house is lowered, it signals to buyers that it was (and still may be) overpriced. 3) If the houseis underpriced, it most likely will sell quickly--to the detriment of your net proceeds. Some factors that affect the price of a home 1) Location: Youcan't get away from this one. If your house is located in a desirable area that is in demand, you will be ableto get a higher price than you can for the same house in a less desirable area. 2) Condition: A house that has been better maintained and shows better will always sell for more than one that has had deferred(neglected) maintenance and needs work. 3 ) Desirable amenities: If a house has amenities that are currently popular in the marketplace, it will bring a higher price. Methods of setting the price CMA (Comparable Market Analysis) :A comparison of similar properties in the same general area that compares actual sold prices. A Real Estate Agentcan generate a CMA, or in many cases you can do it on your own. HomePrice.net gathers data on properties in the majority of U.S. states. Some of the informationyou'll see includes address, sale date, price and square footage for up to 30 comparable properties. Click herefor more information . HomeGain: If you're thinkingabout selling your home in the next 12 months, this FREE service is designed to help you get an estimate of yourhome's value. Knowing how much your home can be worth is one of the first steps in beginning to market the property. Clickhere for more information Electronic Appraiser Enter your property address and receive a home sales valuation report. Known to the Real Estate Appraisal industryas a Automated Valuation Model (AVM). Traditional Appraisal: A estimated valuation is placed specifically on your house by a professionalappraiser. An appraisal will take into account location, condition and sale prices of comparable properties inthe neighborhood. RELATED TOPICS CMA (Comparable Market Analysis) Appraisals Evaluation and Feedback HOME | Checklist | To-Do Lists | Set a Value | By Owner | With an Agent | Preparation | Showtime | Research | More Links